Iyi ngingo itanga incamake yibice bya elegitoroniki byimbere byerekana ibimenyetso bigendanwa. Ababikora ni bake bagaragaza ibice byimbere byabasubiramo ibimenyetso. Mubyukuri, igishushanyo nubwiza bwibi bice byimbere bigira uruhare runini mumikorere rusange yatelefone igendanwa.
Niba ushaka ibisobanuro byoroshye byukuntu ibimenyetso bigendanwa byisubiramo bikora,kanda hano.
Amahame shingiro yikimenyetso kigendanwa
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo kiri hejuru, ihame ryibanze ryibimenyetso bigendanwa ni ukongera ibimenyetso mubyiciro. Isubiramo rya terefone igendanwa igezweho ku isoko bisaba ibyiciro byinshi byo kongera inyungu nkeya kugirango ugere ku nyungu zifuzwa. Kubwibyo, inyungu mu gishushanyo kiri hejuru yerekana inyungu imwe gusa. Kugirango ugere ku nyungu zanyuma, ibyiciro byinshi byo kwongera imbaraga birakenewe.
Dore intangiriro yuburyo busanzwe buboneka muri terefone igendanwa:
1. Module yo Kwakira Ikimenyetso
Module yo kwakira ishinzwe kwakira ibimenyetso byo hanze, mubisanzwe biva kuri sitasiyo fatizo cyangwa antene. Ifata ibimenyetso bya radio byanyujijwe kuri sitasiyo fatizo ikabihindura mubimenyetso byamashanyarazi amplifier ishobora gutunganya. Module yo kwakira mubisanzwe ikubiyemo:
Akayunguruzo: Ibi bikuraho ibimenyetso byinshyi bidakenewe kandi bikagumana imirongo ikenewe ya terefone igendanwa.
Amplifier yo mu rusaku ruke (LNA): Ibi byongera ibimenyetso byinjira byinjira mugihe bigabanya urusaku rwiyongera.
Ibigize Imbere-telefone igendanwa isubiramo murugo
2. Module yo gutunganya ibimenyetso
Igice cyo gutunganya ibimenyetso cyongera kandi kigahindura ibimenyetso byakiriwe. Muri rusange harimo:
Modulator / Demodulator (Modem): Ibi bihindura kandi bikerekana ibimenyetso kugirango byemeze ko byemewe na protocole isanzwe y'itumanaho.
Gutunganya ibimenyetso bya Digital (DSP): Ashinzwe gutunganya neza ibimenyetso no kuzamura, kunoza ubwiza bwibimenyetso no kugabanya kwivanga.
Automatic Gain Control (AGC): Hindura inyungu yikimenyetso kugirango igume mu rwego rwiza - wirinde intege nke zerekana ibimenyetso ndetse no gukabya gukabije bishobora gutera kwivanga cyangwa guhungabanya ibindi bikoresho.
3. Module yo Kongera imbaraga
Imbaraga zongera imbaraga (PA) zongerera imbaraga ibimenyetso kugirango zongere ubwirinzi bwazo. Nyuma yo gutunganya ibimenyetso, imbaraga zongera imbaraga zongerera ibimenyetso imbaraga zisabwa kandi ikayinyuza muri antene. Guhitamo imbaraga zongera imbaraga biterwa nimbaraga zisabwa hamwe n'ahantu ho gukwirakwiza. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi:
Amplifiers yumurongo: Ibi birinda ubwiza nibisobanutse byikimenyetso nta kugoreka.
Amplifiers idafite umurongo: Ikoreshwa mubihe bidasanzwe, mubisanzwe mugukwirakwiza ahantu hanini, nubwo bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bimwe byo kugoreka.
4. Kugenzura Ibitekerezo no Kwirinda Module yo gukumira
Guhagarika ibitekerezo Module: Iyo amplifier yohereje ikimenyetso gikomeye cyane, birashobora gutera ibitekerezo kuri antenne yakira, biganisha kukwivanga. Ibitekerezo byo guhagarika ibitekerezo bifasha gukuraho uku kwivanga.
Module yo kwigunga: Irinda kwivanga hagati yo kwakira no kohereza ibimenyetso, byemeza imikorere ikwiye.
Guhagarika urusaku no muyungurura: Kugabanya ibimenyetso byo hanze byerekana, kwemeza ko ibimenyetso bikomeza kuba byiza kandi bikomeye.
5. Module yohereza ibimenyetso
Module yohereza: Iyi module yohereza ibimenyetso byatunganijwe kandi byongerewe imbaraga binyuze muri antenne yohereza ahantu hagaragara, byemeza ko ibikoresho bigendanwa byakira ibimenyetso byongerewe.
Kohereza amashanyarazi: Igenga imbaraga zo kohereza kugirango wirinde gukabya gukabije, bishobora gutera intambamyi, cyangwa munsi ya amplification, bishobora gutera ibimenyetso bidakomeye.
Antenna Yerekezo: Kubireba cyane ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso, antenne yicyerekezo irashobora gukoreshwa aho kuba icyerekezo cyose, cyane cyane mugukwirakwiza ahantu hanini cyangwa kuzamura ibimenyetso.
6. Module yo gutanga amashanyarazi
Igice cyo gutanga amashanyarazi: Itanga amashanyarazi atajegajega asubiramo ibimenyetso, mubisanzwe binyuze muri AC-to-DC ihindura, ikemeza ko ikora neza mubihe bitandukanye bya voltage.
Module yo gucunga ingufu: Ibikoresho byo murwego rwohejuru birashobora kandi gushiramo uburyo bwo gucunga ingufu kugirango hongerwe ingufu zingufu kandi wongere igihe cyigihe cyibikoresho.
7. Module yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe
Sisitemu yo gukonjesha: Gusubiramo ibimenyetso bitanga ubushyuhe mugihe gikora, cyane cyane imbaraga zongera ingufu nibindi bikoresho bifite ingufu nyinshi. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha (nk'ubushyuhe cyangwa ubushyuhe) ifasha kugumana ubushyuhe bwiza bwakazi kugirango wirinde ubushyuhe no kwangiza igikoresho.
8. Igenzura rishinzwe kugenzura
Igenzura rishinzwe kugenzura: Bamwe mubasubiramo ibimenyetso bigendanwa bazana hamwe na disikuru yemerera abakoresha guhindura igenamiterere, gukora neza, no kugenzura sisitemu.
Ibipimo bya LED: Amatara yerekana imikorere yibikoresho, harimo imbaraga zerekana ibimenyetso, imbaraga, hamwe nuburyo bukora, bifasha abakoresha kumenya niba repetater ikora neza.
9. Ibyambu byo guhuza
Icyambu cyinjira: Byakoreshejwe muguhuza antene zo hanze (urugero, N-ubwoko cyangwa F-ihuza).
Icyambu gisohoka: Kubihuza antene y'imbere cyangwa kohereza ibimenyetso mubindi bikoresho.
Icyambu cyo Guhindura: Bamwe mubasubiramo barashobora gushiramo ibyambu kugirango bahindure inyungu nigenamiterere.
10. Igishushanyo mbonera no gukingira
Uruzitiro rusubiramo rusanzwe rukozwe mubyuma, bifasha gukingira ikibangamira hanze no gukumira amashanyarazi (EMI). Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe biranga amazi adashobora gukoreshwa n’amazi, umukungugu, cyangwa udukingirizo kugira ngo uhangane n’ibidukikije cyangwa bigoye.
Ibigize Imbere-ubucuruzi bwibimenyetso bigendanwa
Isubiramo rya terefone igendanwa ryongera ibimenyetso binyuze mumirimo ihujwe niyi module. Sisitemu yakira kandi ikongerera ibimenyetso mbere yo kohereza ibimenyetso byakongejwe mukarere. Mugihe uhitamo ibimenyetso bigendanwa byisubiramo, nibyingenzi kwemeza ko imirongo yayo yumurongo, imbaraga, hamwe ninyungu bihuye nibyifuzo byawe byihariye, cyane cyane mubidukikije bigoye nka tunel cyangwa munsi yo munsi aho kurwanya inzitizi hamwe nubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibimenyetso ari ngombwa.
Guhitamouruganda rwizewe rwerekana ibimenyetso byisubiramoni urufunguzo.Lintratek, yashinzwe mu 2012, ifite uburambe bwimyaka irenga 13 mugukora ibimenyetso bisubiramo - kuva aho gutura kugera mubice byubucuruzi, harimo fibre optique isubiramo hamwe na radiyo isakaza amajwi. Isosiyete itanga ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge kubicuruzwa byabo, byemeza imikorere yizewe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-27-2024